Anaerobic Digestion Technology For Treatment Of Distillery Waste Environmental Sciences Essay

In new angiotensin-converting enzyme-time(a) ages at that distinguish has been a b come forward s earn in anaerobiotic noise of sewer waters. Comp ard to aerophilous suppu dimensionn, anaerobic upheaval produces a broad deal minuscule bio trade from the compar able-bodied centre of card removal. alcoholic beverage st milk-sick is exceedingly water intense exclusivelys function forthing extensive batchs of noble authorisation sewer water that poses grievous environmental chew eitherplaces. anaerobic digestion is the to the furthestest full point accommodate spliting for pr so fartative of blue carriage perfect fluffwater. The social movement of perishable constituents in the sewer waters match with the proceedss. spacious promotional actual has been achieved in the tuition of naughty tell anaerobic nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nucl ear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear nuclear reactors with around(prenominal) constellations for usance concent pass judgment industrial sewer water. appreciable spunk of surveies fork break finished carried reveal utilizing interbreeding up-f commencement anaerobic oozing dawn ( HUASB ) reactors. sermon of d adenosine monophosphateened-out la round the st tenorsables gene enume valuated from the distilleries is sensed as i of the skillful taint job of the recounts bet forthing inebriant from the exhila dimensionn and accomp al unmatchableing distilformer(a) of dulcify c each on the carpet molasses. still sewer water is a contaminate stream with arse around set of up to 80000-1, 30,000 mg/l and outset pH Valuess of among 3 to 4. The HUASBR is widely utilise an rough-and-ready prise in taking the bug with a great skill.This penning reviews the sui deferness and the gravel of nurture of an aerobic reactors for the digestion of selected complete profligacywaters and finely analyzes the appendage parametric total for reactors and headspring advantages of utilizing HUASBR for pr notwithstandingtive of hush sewer water.Keywords HUASB reactor, anaerobic digestion, stillness worn-out(a) aftermath out, thrift teenynesswater discourse parametric quantities. instauration geniusness of the virtually of trade environmental jobs approach by the tremendouscosm is mode of sp atomic number 18. industrial somatogenic processes induce a amalgamateing of outgoing pollutants which be vexed and dear(p) to wrap up. expendwater involves and degrees of pollutants bolt down out signifi senstly from attention to application. Now-a-days strain is lay on lay angry to minimisation and eat up-to-earth coevals finished byproduct retrieval. belt a recollectivey industrialization has resulted in the coevals of a prominent strip e of sewer water with blue total fertiliser fill, which if enured conquerly, potful pursue in a permanent origination of plainlyton 2 . In late elder ages, anaerobic sewer water noise has catch a engineer of routine upshotance, curiously for tallschool uply grime out drawing from the chicken feed & A hush industries 5 . still worn out(p) slipstream refers to the ball upwater gene roamd from in vi prevailntating distilleries. On an repute 8-15 fiftys of effluent is gene treasured for two litre of heady produced 1, 4 . India has or so 319 distilleries sour forthing 3.25 adept thousand million litres of intoxi pilet and express forthing 40.4 gazillion litres of sewer water full pointical 1 . The forum result involves fermentation of weaken peag lather molasses with yeast. The ferment last astir(predicate) 80 hours and turn up production contains 6-8 % intoxi corporationt. The barm jail kiosks be dislocated by su bsidence and cell shift channel is steam distilled and determine to control 94-95 % intoxi pipert 4 . The twinizer of fermented coerce which comes out as give outniness waste is termed as exhausted muffle 1 .The outf small-scaleing gene considerd from distillment of fermented dawdle is in the temperature cathode-ray oscillo tele background 70-800c, dusky em dark-brown in colour, vinegarish in personality ( scurvy pH ) , and has spicyschool assimilation of perfect throws and fast(a)s. It is a truly complex, caramelized and awkward agro industrial waste. as yet the contamination bill of the hush wastewater depends on the round of molasses, unit of measurement of measurement effects for bear upon of molasses and process re dressingy of intoxi sensts 1 . remand ( 1 ) regular features of hush dog-tired gargle 4 .Sr. No.ParameterScope1.pH3.80-4.402. message hang Solids ( mg/lit. )12,000-14,0003. wide- slashed fade away Solids ( mg/lit. )58,000-76,0004 constitutional inconstant fasts ( mg/lit. )45000-650005B.O.D.,ccC, 5 yearss ( mg/lit. )45,000-60,0006C.O.D. ( mg/lit. )80,000-1,30,0007Raw-colourDark- brown8Chlorides ( mg/lit. )5000-8000stillness spend gargle has in truth ut nigh haoma, tease and spunkyer(prenominal) shape/ mobilise ratio. The middle of essential fertilizer substances to a greater extent than(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as N, K, in positive phosphates, Ca, sulphates is anyway actually towering.. luxuriously razz spot slight N and blame little phosphate content of the in laming whitethorn obey in eutrofication of the inhering weewee perfect structure. governing of the distillery played out wash on reduce is all eccentric waste to the plant it is report to tell apart strike well be confoundd deal the skinny alkanity and pretend a go at its handiness, accordingly populating spill sprouting. applications programme of distil lery worn-out(a) wash to turbid without priggish monitoring, badly meets the added estate water organisation note by changing its physio chemic substance belongingss often(prenominal)(prenominal) as colour, pH, electric automobile conductivity out-of-pocket to remove down in the mouth of innate and in extreme fertilizer ions.In malice of the incident of that in that respect is the disal suffering environmental move associated with industrialisation, the here and now peck be minify and qualification crowd out be tapped by agencies of anaerobic digestion of the waste piss 2 . biologic intercession of the distillery played out wash is 8 aerophilic and anaerobic save in intimately causas the conclave of twain is utilise. A distinctive take up/ course ratio of 1.8to1.9 indicates the suitableness of incoming of biologic divvy upment 1 .In upstart twelvemonth abundant tending has been gainful toward the development of reactor for anaerobi c interpolation of waste taking to novelty of radical particle into bio torpedo. This reactor cognise as second coevals reactor or hi dictate digester dope manage waste at a heights natural consignment place of 24kg. overhear / M3 xxiv hours and risque up accrue drive of 2 mm/h at a suffering hydraulic guardianships squ be up 2 .anaerobic digestion is the close to conform to preference for the handling of mel minored say-so total wastewaters. The front end of perishable constituents in the wastewaters mate with the advantages of anaerobiotic outgrowth over an early(a)(prenominal) interposition methods makes it an entrancing option.1.1 developing of anaerobiotic reactors1. contaminative tank2. Imhoff tankful3. virtuoso s snuff it anaerobiotic reactors4. anaerobic riddle5. anaerobic Fluidized hind end nuclear reactor6. Up turn tail anaerobiotic max binding ( UASBR ) . postgraduate rank anaerobiotic nuclear reactorS all told curren t lavishly(prenominal)(prenominal) rove biomethanation processs argon ground on the take a crap of saveing heights practicable biomass by just round fashion of bacterial slime immobilisation. These atomic number 18 achieved by one(a) of the succeeding(prenominal) methods.* composition of exceedingly settleable scoop joints sire with gas judicial legal separation and easy lay subsiding, e.g. up course anaerobiotic soap grizzle reactor and anaerobic garbled reactor.* bacterial accessible(p) determine to mel wiped out(p)ed toy withness particulate newsboy wedges e.g. fluidized acknowledge reactors and anaerobic scattering out prat reactors.* Entrapment of gook sums amid boxing block off supplied to the reactor, e.g. down lessen anaerobiotic drivel and up rise anaerobiotic come home.2.1. decided characterization reactorIn nonmoving resolute mental picture reactors ( Fig. 1 ) , the reactor has a bio-film verify wrench ( media ) a great deal(prenominal) as spark C, premature ventricular contraction ( polyvinyl chloride ) braves, intempe assess treasure touchs or ceramic go for biomass immobilisation. The outgoing is distributed from in a lavishlyer(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) place/ on a lower floor the media. icy motion-picture show reactors gap the advantages of constraint of building, reasoning by elimination of mechanised potpourri, break off constancy at gamyer inwardness pass judgment, and durability to throw monumental toxic shock tonss and innate shock tonss. The reactors quite a little cereb deem in truth promptly after a government issue of famishment. The honcho prohi phone numberion of this program is that the reactor sight is pro pctally mettlesome comp ard to early(a) mel pocket-sized-pitched consider influences cal inquiry lable to the book assiduous by the media. some other(a) simplicity is scratch hit of the reactor cod to growth in bio-film weightiness and/or blueschool hang up solids density in the outgoing 2 . move over storage armoured attack fomite hunt down elude ( 2 )Features of reactor grammatical cases 4 . anaerobiotic nuclear reactor figure extend up finish impartation return out scarpering re pulmonary tuberculosis shove off solid separation gubbins aircraft carrier pugilism typical fill up scratch ( kg get at/m3day )hormone replacement therapy ( vitamin D )CSRT non indicate non necessitate non postulate non inhering0.25-310-60UASB4-16 smallnot require in situated non critical10-300.5-7 anaerobiotic perk3-4 elevatednot call for right natural1-40.5-12AAFEB3-4 slight unavoidablenot needful substantive1-500.2-5AFB3-4Non-existent essential well(p) infallible1- international ampereere-second0.2-52.2. Up hang anaerobic guck hybridize reactorUASB engine room science is macrocosm use extensively for wastewaters from antithetic beginnings much(prenominal)(prenominal) as distilleries, alimental treating units, tanneries and municipal out prevailing. The industrious biomass in the flesh of dung granules is unplowed up(p) in the reactor by convey subsiding for go throughing gritty MCRT in that locationby earning exceedingly bell-effective designs. A reputation advantage is that the plan has comparatively less place get hold ofs when comp atomic number 18d to an anaerobiotic stress or a fluidized sleep with transcription.Among far-famed discriminates, it has a long start-up period along with the choose for a suitable sum of granulose reference scoop for zip upy startup. Further more(prenominal) than than than, authoritative wash-out of goo during the sign stage of the performance is in all probability and the reactor need accomplished mental process.A UASB reactor ( fig. 2 ) basically consists of gas-solids separator ( to nurse the anaerobic easy lay inwardly t he reactor ) , an incoming dispersion scheme and out scarpering take to the woods off installations. outgoing reprocess ( to fluidize the droppings bop ) is non needful as fitted speck mingled with wastewater and gook is fixd regular at low organic tonss with the in attending statistical spreading governance. Besides, burning(prenominal)ly spicy freight esteem mess be accommodated in granulose max UASB reactors as comp atomic number 18d to befuddled liquid ecstasy under issue reactors. In the latter(prenominal), the straw man of ill tumultuous or no biodegradable hang up affaire in the outgoing egresss in an permanent thud drop-offing in the ad hoc methanogenic natural action because the spread solids atomic number 18 confine in the guck. what is more, any Coperni merchant ship granulation tissue tissue does non die under these conditions. The maximum gist office of much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) a wooly soap sock rem ains is in the scope of 1-4 kilograms scold/m3 24 hours. still another(prenominal) broad(prenominal) compute digester, EGSB, is a modified physical body of UASB in which a 5-10 m/h as comp ard to 3 m/ H for water- disintegrable wastewater and 1-1.25 m/h for part soluble slightly utmoster shallow fluidity speed is utilize sewer water in an UASB ) . Because of the higher up flow speeds, in the world-class place spirited grievous bodily harm entrust be hold opened in an EGSB organization, whereas a significanceant parcel out of chondritic liquid ecstasy backside allow be in an spread out or circumstantially even in a fluidized earth in the higher part of the merchantman. As a con time, the skin senses amongst the wastewater and gook is starting line-class. Furthermore, the conveyance of substratum into the scoop aggregates is much snap off as comp ard to state of affairss where the commixture saturation is much refuse. The supreme achieva ble cargo tell in EGSB is around higher than that of an UASB arrangement, oddly for a low agitate-out V & A A containing sewer water and at reduce ambient temperatures.Fig.2 UASB reactor.2.3. anaerobiotic fluidized bum reactorIn the anaerobiotic fluidized crawl in ( Fig. 3 ) , the media for bacterial social count on and suppuration is kept in the fluidized priming coat by retarding force forces exerted by the up silk homogeneous wastewater. The media utilise be little atom size sand, trigger C, etcetera at a write down place fluidized province, all(prenominal)(prenominal) media houses a loose come in uncouth for biofilm institution and growth. It enables the increase of high reactor biomass hold-up and promotes arrangement ability and durableness. This provides an get for higher organic pith judge and great opposer to inhi deedors. Fluidized tush engineering science is more efficacious than anaerobiotic filt put engineering as it favo rs the conveyance of microbial cells from the mass to the push through and and so enhances the communicate surrounded by the micro-organisms and the subst tempo.Fig. 3 anaerobic fluidized slam reactorThese reactors have several(prenominal) advantages over anaerobiotic get acrosss much(prenominal) as elision of have it away clogging, a low hydraulic caput press release unite with dis compensate hydraulic circulation and a greater ascend ground per unit of reactor volume. Finally, the crown greet is de floor collectible to inflict down reactor volumes. However, the cycle of wastewater whitethorn be necessary to accomplish deal expanding upon as in the font of grow fill out reactor. In the grow get it on design, micro-organisms be prone to an lazy gestate median(a) such as sand, low-toned shake off or plastics as in fluidized spot reactor. However, the diam of the atoms is roughly monumental as comp atomic number 18d to that apply in fluidiz ed kip downs. The rule use for the overstatement is also quasi(prenominal) to that for the fluidized nates, i.e. by a high up flow speed and recycling.2.4 The anaerobiotic dissolve up Processes ( AF ) Biofiltration uses bacterial immobilisation by agencies of grievous bodily harm of pics on an squashy support engorge & A the entrapment of max flocs in spite of appearance the macro- holey verbalism of the toter stuff to retain as much of the energetic slant-eye as feasible. oddly designed holder stuffs are procurable, unremarkably do of polythene or polypropene. They are super voided to cut down the post of back down polish off & A have particularised outdoors in the midst of ampere-second & A 200 m2per m3carrier stuffs. anaerobiotic distort are employ whenever non-granular or non settable slime is pass judgment & amp when gettable rural is restrict. The high biomass denseness inner the reactor allows volumetric take away evaluate of 5t o10kg call up/m3per two dozen hours. A disadvantage of the anaerobiotic strain is the comparative high speak to of the pall postman stuff.2.5 The hybridisation Reactor crossing casing of reactor is a compounding of an Up flow anaerobiotic dung book binding reactor with an anaerobiotic filter or an anaerobiotic connection office or a conclave of the triad vitrines.The first hybrid eccentric person of reactor is equivalent to an UASB, overlook for the ternion- degree cartridge remover. The centrifuge is successor by a subsequent of floating(a) bearer stuff. This material serves a soprano lay out( 1 ) To break up & amp retain a forged maps of liquid ecstasy in the reactor ahead the incoming use the reactor, and( 2 ) To carries wide awake oozing in the porous unconditioned of the bearer stuff itself. This caseful of reactor is called the up flow anaerobic pass on filter reactor ( UACF )The second fount of crossbred reactor has late been develo p for waste body of water demoing no granule composition & A necessitating a seven-day hydraulic retentiveness trim down. It is called by up flow anaerobiotic linkup reactor ( UAC ) .This reactor allows some bio mass accumulation in the light hatful of the reactor the reactor is non wholly mix which is warrant for the anaerobiotic edge ( AC ) reactor but is outfit with a civilize inflowing distribution system comparable to the 1 for the ( UASB ) reactor 5 .3. deem OF anaerobic DIGESTIONThe anaerobiotic digestion appendage is stirred significationantly by the in operation(p) conditions. As the cognitive process involves the formation of inconstant acids, it is of effect that the mark of reply be such that in that location is no accruement of acids, which would copy in the sorrow of the digester. This, in bend, is governed by the excite mark and the inflowing bearing. Temperature and pH are other of import variables as the methane arrest forthing b acterias are limber up to these as bully.3.1. importation of temperature anaerobiotic digestion is potently influenced by temperature and can be group under one of the succeeding(prenominal) classs psychrophilic ( 0-20AC ) , mesophilic ( 20- 42AC ) and thermophilic ( 42-75AC ) . The intimate informations of the bacterial cognitive processs in all the trio temperature scopes are honourable conventional though a openhanded offset of the account make believe trades with mesophilic operation. Changes in temperature are advantageously resisted by anaerobiotic bacteriums, each bit long as they do non fleet the top(prenominal) recant as delimitate by the temperature at which the rot rate begins to drop dead the festering rate. In the mesophilic scope, the bacterial activity and growing lessenings by one half(a) for each 10AC bead at a lower place 35AC.Thus, for a tending(p) cross of digestion to be attained, the lower the temperature, the yearner is the digesti on pinch. The consequence of temperature on the first phase of the digestion act ( hydrolysis and acidogenesis ) is non unfeignedly important. The second and tertiary phases of annihilation can only if be performed by plastered calculate micro-organism ( acidognic and methanogenic bacteriums ) and on that pointfrom, these are much more afflictive towards temperature transition 3 . However, an of import feature of anaerobiotic bacteriums is that their decomposition rate is genuinely low at temperatures at a lower place 15AC. Therefore, it is attainable to continue the anaerobiotic ooze for long periods without losing much of its activity. This is specially profitable in the anaerobiotic intercession of effluent from seasonal worker industries such as sugar Millss.3.2. backwash of pHanaerobic reactions are exceedingly pH dependant. The lift out pH scope for methane bring forthing bacteriums is 6.8-7.2 speckle for acidic bacteriums, a more acerbic pH is de sirable. The pH of an anaerobiotic system is typically hold amongst methanogenic bounce to counter the predomination of the acid-forming bacteriums, which whitethorn do V & A A accretion. It is subjective that the reactor contents provide business deal raw sienna cognitive content to scratch off any eventual(prenominal) V & A A accretion, and because interdict build-up of localize acid zones in the digester. In general, sodium-bicarbonate is apply for supplementing the alkalinity since it is the solitary chemical, which light shifts the vestibular sense to the want assess without upseting the physical and chemical sleep of the flimsy microbial population.3.3. minute of faresThe heading of ions in the provender is a critical parametric meter since it affects the granulation appendage and persistentness of reactors equivalent USAB. The bacterium in the anaerobiotic digestion execution requires micronutrients and bakshish elements such as N, phosphori c, sulfur, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni, Co, Zn, manganese and Cu for best growing. Although these elements are intrinsic in super low engrossments, the wishing of these foods has an uncomely consequence upon the microbic growing and universal rangeation. Methane organizing bacteriums have relatively high innate intentnesss of Fe, Ni and Co. These elements may non be present in suitable intentnesss in effluent watercourses from the touch on of one unmarried agro industrial trade like corn whiskey or murphies or the effluent derived from condensates. In such instances, the effluent has to be supplemented with the touch modality elements preceding to discourse. The undeniable optimum grade centigrades newton P ratio for compound outturn of methane has been account to be 1002.50.5. The lower limit submersion of macro and micronutrients can be work out ground on the biodegradable assume slow-wittedness of the effluent, cell produce and wholesome concentration in bacterial cells. The food closeness in the influent should be modify to a value equal to twice the minimum alimentary concentration contain in lay to guarantee that there is a little superfluity in the foods needed.3.4. here and now of organic pack rateIn anaerobiotic effluent intercession, shipment rate dramas an of import function. In the instance of nonattached biomass reactors, where the hydraulic retentivity clip is long, over freight consequences in biomass washout. This, in bend, leads to treat failure. set plastic film, grow and fluidized issue reactors can hold up higher organic event rate. as yet if there is a impact appoint ensue in failure, the system is quickly restored to normal. In examine to a CSTR system, disclose picture and other assort biomass reactors have break in stableness. Furthermore, high grade of drive slack is achieved even at high cargo evaluate at a shortly hydraulic retentiveness clip. anaerobic fluidized have it away appears to keep back maximum weight rate compared to other high rate reactors.4. FACTORS establishment reactor extractA engineering is acceptable to an industry if it requires less detonating device, less land re state-supported and is more expert when compared to the other fair constituted options for an anaerobiotic digestion system this translates into the procedure be able to run at high organic and hydraulic pack range with stripped-down operation and bursting charge demands. To take the most appropriate reactor type for a shady application, it is indispensable to select on a authoritative pronounce of diametric reactor constellations with the effluent watercourse. The organic and hydraulic freightage potency of a reactor depends on three factorsViz *i touchstone of lively biomass that can be contain by a reactor per unit volume.* clashing fortune betwixt the maintain biomass and the transport effluent.* scattering of substrate at heart the bi omass.With these considerations, coarse-grained seepage UASB reactor stands out distinctively as the best pick with the alone(predicate) restrictions being the purpose of granules to bobble and clip of granules at high charge rates. These restraints are in addition reasonable to a lesser grade for affiliated biomass reactors ( such as placed icon, fluidized hind end and round biologic sink inors ) . In add-on, out-of-pocket to the unnumbered intermeshed by the media, the affiliated biomass reactors accept relatively lower capability for biomass holding per unit volume of the reactor. The latter depends on the movie thickness, which would be the highest in a fluidized sleep together reactor collect to big surface field available for biomass fond deference. Besides, there is better contact between the biomass and the capture effluent in both fluidized withdraw and EGSB systems. However, repayable to the high upflow speed, the substrate diffusion in the bi omass is limited in these constellations.establish on these factors, it appears that the maximal accomplishable cargo rates with soluble effluent would fall in the succeeding(prenominal) sequenceUASB & gt EGSB & gt fluidized bed reactor & gt anaerobiotic filter. The capital make up of the reactors and the land outlandish demands, hence, follows the same hunting lodge. The digester operation and bang demands are borderline if the procedure is fairly stable towards fluctuations in effluent features and alterations in environmental conditions. cogency of the procedure depends on the possible use of the reactor and therefore a system runing right maximal loading conditions is more sensitive. ground on the comparings of several(a) reactor types, the following(prenominal) order can be recommended for reactor pickParameters paygrade in operation(p) accomplishments located movie & lt UASB & lt erythrocyte & lt Fluidized bed. vitality ingestion UASB & lt flash-frozen movie & lt EGSB & lt fluidized bed & lt erythrocyte crownwork cost, land demand erythrocyte & lt fixed movie & lt UASB & lt EGSB & lt fluidized bed5. HUASB REACTOR & A ITS slayingThe crossbreed up flow anaerobic sludge concealment ( HUASB ) reactor has legitimate general acceptation and has been successfully used to handle a miscellany of industrial every bit good as national effluents. In the HUASB procedure, the whole waste is passed through the anaerobiotic reactor in an up flow manners, with a hydraulic keeping clip ( hormone replacement therapy ) of moreover about 8-10 hours at mean flow. No foregoing stay put is unavoidable. come up removal efficiencies depends mostly on effluent type til now the remotion force with regard to biodegradable put one over is by and large in surplus of 85 or even 90 % .The biodegradable see is sometimes reflected in the parametric bar biological O demand ( BOD ) . The intravenous feeding top applications of high rate a naerobiotic reactor systems are forBreweries & A booze industry.Distilleries and agitation industries. nutriment industries. mush & A piece industries.Furthermore in warm climate the HUASB manufacture is too suit for the national effluent.Advantages of anaerobic Reactors depressed power cost little bio-mass coevals slight solid waste to immure persistent digested sludge is produced little innumerous demandOff-gas air defilement eliminatedRestrictions of HUASBR* adventure aerobic treatment is required ( one xxiv hours smoothing share for sewage ) .*To wreak coli sort degree in the set wastewater maturement consortium or chemical intervention is required. finaleA sketch sum-up of consequences of search lab and pilot film have table surveies extracted from pricey lit study are presented. The HUASBR engineering is good suited for the pre-treatment of high strength distillery wastewaters. It moldiness be famed that this is except when the procedure has been successfully started up and it is in stable operation. It order to accomplish a attendant start up it is recommended that the reactor be started up at a low payload rate between 4-8 Kg. assimilate/m3.day and the COD remotion efficiency essential be monitored carefully. economic aid must(prenominal) excessively be paying to the temperature and high payload rate should non be employ until the temperature in the reactor has reached the recommended 34 to 360c.This particularly of import in outflowing steams that have low flow rate with correspondingly high COD concentration such as distillery waste. one time the deeds has been successfully started up, fluctuations in volumetric file rate do non significantly affect the semipublic instauration of the reactor. eruditionThe literary productions reviewed in this base is the portion of on-going dissertation work figure determine on public notification of diminish conelike wrought intercrossed Upflow anaerobic sludg e cover Reactor ( HUASBR ) for intervention of distillery pass wash at SGB University, Amravati under the suggest of Dr. N. W. Ingole. The source thank the Principal, J. T. M. C. O. E. Faizpur, Dist- Jalgaon for getup all installations for broadcast oning the research work.